Ralph DeFronzo, Professor of Medicine and Chief of the Diabetes Division,
The University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio, and Deputy Director of Texas Diabetic Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Ele Ferrannini, Professor of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy.
K. George M. M Alberti, Visiting Professor, King's College, London, UK; Senior Research Investigator, Imperial College, London, UK; Emeritus Professor of Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne.
Paul Zimmet, Director Emeritus, Victor Smorgon Diabetes Centre, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute; Adjunct Professor, Monash University; Honorary President, International Diabetes Federation; Chair, Programme Committee, World Diabetes Congress 2013, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Section I: Epidemiology
1 Classification of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance 3
Dianna J. Magliano, Paul Zimmet and Jonathan E. Shaw
2 Epidemiology and risk factors for type 1 diabetes mellitus 17
Andrea K. Steck and Marian J. Rewers
3 Epidemiology and geography of type 2 diabetes mellitus 29
Qing Qiao, Desmond E.Williams, Giuseppina Imperatore, K.M. Venkat Narayan and Jaakko Tuomilehto
Section II: Physiology of pancreatic function
4 Development and maintenance of the islet β cell 55
Teresa L. Mastracci, Raghavendra G. Mirmira and Ryan M. Anderson
5 Pancreatic morphology in normal and diabetic states 69
Rebecca L. Hull and Steven E. Kahn
6 Insulin gene expression and biosynthesis 82
Vincent Poitout, Roland Stein and Christopher J. Rhodes
7 β-Cell biology of insulin secretion 96
Susumu Seino, Tadao Shibasaki and Kohtaro Minami
8 Normal β-cell function 108
Andrea Natali, Stefano Del Prato and Andrea Mari
9 Neuropeptides and islet hormone secretion 125
Bo Ahrén
10 Biosynthesis secretion and action of glucagon 136
Pierre J. Lefèbvre
11 Incretin physiology in health and disease 145
Juris J. Meier and Michael A. Nauck
Section III: Normal physiology of insulin action
12 Mechanisms of insulin signal transduction 163
Paul R. Langlais, Lawrence J. Mandarino and W. Timothy Garvey
13 Regulation of glucose metabolism in liver 193
Shawn C. Burgess
14 Insulin actions in vivo: glucose metabolism 211
Ele Ferrannini and Ralph A. DeFronzo
15 Measuring insulin action in vivo 234
Richard N. Bergman and Marilyn Ader
16 Protein metabolism in health and diabetes 250
Elena Volpi and Jared M. Dickinson
17 Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism hypolipidemic agents and therapeutic goals 262
Gissette Reyes-Soffer and Henry N. Ginsberg
18 Metabolomics: applications in type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance 275
Sean H. Adams and John W. Newman
Section IV: NAFLD NASH and non-traditional associations with diabetes
19 Pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) 283
Hannele Yki-Järvinen
20 Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) 292
Fernando Bril, Kwame Ntim, Romina Lomonaco and Kenneth Cusi
21 Type 2 diabetes and cancer 306
Emily Jane Gallagher, Ruslan Novosyadlyy and Derek LeRoith
22 Diabetes and sleep apnea 316
Abd A. Tahrani
Section V: Pathogenesis
23 The insulin resistance syndrome 339
Naveed Sattar, Paul Welsh and David Preiss
24 β-Cell mass and function in human type 2 diabetes 354
Piero Marchetti and Ele Ferrannini
25 Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus 371
Ralph A. DeFronzo
26 The genetics of type 2 diabetes 401
Emma Ahlqvist and Leif Groop
27 Glucose toxicity 413
Hannele Yki-Järvinen and Donald A. McClain
28 Monogenic disorders of the β cell 426
Ali J. Chakera and Andrew T. Hattersley
29 Immunopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes in Western society 442
Alberto Pugliese
30 Molecular genetics of type 1 diabetes 454
M. Ann Kelly, Simon D. Rees, Anthony H. Barnett and Stephen C. Bain
Section VI: Obesity
31 The relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes—the role of gut factors 469
Daniel S. Hsia and William T. Cefalu
32 The role of energy metabolism in the regulation of energy balance 479
Charmaine S. Tam and Eric Ravussin
33 Treatment of obesity: lifestyle and pharmacotherapy 489
Arne Astrup
34 Treatment of obesity: bariatric surgery 505
Karl J. Neff Ele Ferrannini and Carel W. le Roux
35 Animal models of obesity and type 2 diabetes 519
David A. York, Mie Jung, Park-York and Timothy Gilbertson
36 The role of the hypothalamus in themaintenance of energy balance and peripheral glucose control 529
Luis Varela and Tamas L. Horvath
Section VII: Clinical trial evidence in diabetes
37 Prevention of type 1 diabetes 541
Jay S. Skyler
38 Prevention of type 2 diabetes 550
Thomas Yates and Melanie J. Davies
39 Prevention of diabetic microvascular complications 564
Alice P.S. Kong and Juliana C.N. Chan
Section VIII: Management of diabetes: diet exercise and drugs
40 Dietary management of diabetes mellitus in Europe and North America 577
Jim I. Mann and Alexandra Chisholm
41 Exercise 589
Henrik Galbo and Erik A. Richter
42 Sulfonylureas and meglitinides: insights into physiology and translational clinical utility 615
Harold E. Lebovitz and Arne Melander
43 Metformin and other biguanides: pharmacology and therapeutic usage 641
Susan L. Samson and Alan J. Garber
44 PPAR agonists in the treatment of diabetes 657
Sunder Mudaliar and Robert R. Henry
45 α-Glucosidase inhibitors 673
Josée Leroux-Stewart, Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret and Jean-Louis Chiasson
46 Combination therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus 686
Muhammad Abdul-Ghani, Ralph A. DeFronzo and Roy Eldor
47 New drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus 709
Clifford J. Bailey
48 Incretin-based therapies 726
Michael A. Nauck and Juris J. Meier
49 Insulin pumps 745
Dace L. Trence and Irl B. Hirsch
50 Innovative therapies in diabetes: colesevelam and bromocriptine 758
Shamsa Ali and Vivian Fonseca
Section IX: Management of diabetes: monitoring and other interventions
51 Implantable pumps and artificial and bio-artificial pancreas system 767
William V. Tamborlane and Miladys M. Palau-Collazo
52 Pancreas and islet transplantation 774
R. Paul Robertson
53 Hypoglycemia and other complications of insulin therapy 783
Stephanie A. Amiel
54 Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar state 799
Abbas E. Kitabchi, Guillermo E. Umpierrez and Mary Beth Murphy
Section X: Management of diabetes: glucose and lipid monitoring specific subgroups
55 Type 2 diabetes in obese adolescents: pathophysiology and treatment 817
Grace Kim and Sonia Caprio
56 Diabetes in pregnancy 823
Yoel Toledano, Eran Hadar and Moshe Hod
57 Aging and diabetes mellitus 836
Hermes Florez, Jorge Ruiz and Medha Munshi
58 Psychological problems and management of patients with diabetes mellitus 846
Alan M. Delamater, Ashley Marchante, and Jennifer Hernandez
59 Glycated hemoglobin serum proteins and other markers as tools for monitoring 853
Susan M. Gerber, Douglas F. Stickle, Intekhab Ahmed, and Serge A. Jabbour
Section XI: Complications of diabetes: general and microvasular
60 Pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications 875
Josephine M. Forbes and Brooke Harcourt
61 Diabetic retinopathy and other ocular complications 889
Gavin S. Tan and Tien YinWong
62 Diabetic nephropathy 911
George Jerums, Elif I. Ekinci, Erosha Premaratne, Scott T. Baker, Sianna Panagiotopoulos and Richard J. MacIsaac
63 Pathology of human diabetic neuropathy 926
M. Mojaddidi, A.K. Sharma and Rayaz A. Malik
64 Autonomic neuropathy 939
Chinmay S. Marathe, Liza Phillips and Michael Horowitz
65 Connective tissue disorders in diabetes 953
Arlan L. Rosenbloom
66 The diabetic foot 964
Frank L. Bowling and Andrew J.M. Boulton
67 Erectile dysfunction in diabetes mellitus 975
Michael H. Cummings and Rajesh Rajendran
68 Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus 988
Wenche S. Borgnakke and Robert J. Genco
Section XII: Complications of diabetes: macrovascular
69 Epidemiology of macrovascular disease and hypertension in diabetes mellitus 1007
Jaakko Tuomilehto, Daiva Rastenyte, Qing Qiao, Noël C. Barengo and Karl Matz
70 Atherogenesis coronary heart disease and insulin resistance syndrome in diabetes 1031
Barak Zafrir and Jorge Plutzky
71 Endothelial function and metabolic syndrome 1046
Xinpu Chen and Sridevi Devaraj
72 Hemostatic abnormalities in diabetes mellitus 1051
R.A. Ajjan and Peter J. Grant
73 Clinical features and treatment of coronary heart disease in diabetes 1064
Eberhard Standl, Michael Erbach, Markolf Hanefeld, Oliver Schnell, Bernd Stratmann and Diethelm Tschoepe
74 Arterial hypertension in diabetes: etiology and treatment 1079
Colleen Flynn and George Bakris
75 Peripheral vascular and cerebrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus 1091
Debabrata Mukherjee
Section XIII: Diabetes and public health
76 The diabetes challenge: from human and social rights to the empowerment of people with diabetes 1105
C.T. Di Iorio, Fabrizio Carinci and M. Massi Benedetti
77 The economics of diabetes care: a global perspective 1113
Rhys Williams