Vulvovaginal Infections, Second Edition

Features

• Covers diagnosis and treatment of various vulvovaginal infections
• Presents, for each condition, information on its background, microbiology, immunology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment
• Presents information on the microbiology of the vagina and vaginal immunology
• Focuses on diagnosis and shortcomings with standard tests
• Offers new information on the vaginal microbiome

Summary

Vulvovaginal Infections presents new knowledge to help clinicians accurately diagnose and treat their patients and highlights for　researchers remaining unsolved problems and　the most promising areas for　continued investigation. Clinical gynecologists will find practical advice and extensive insight into solving real-life clinical scenarios.

The book opens by presenting information on the microbiology of the vagina and vaginal immunology. It then discusses the diagnosis of vulvovaginal disease, including physical examination, screening processes, and laboratory testing.

Diagnosis is followed by covering various vulvovaginal infections including bacterial vaginosis, Candida vulvovaginitis, Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis, genital herpes, human papillomavirus genital infections, allergic vulvovaginitis, menopausal vulvovaginitis, cytolytic vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis, and more.

For each of these conditions, the book presents information on its background, microbiology, immunology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Therapy details are provided with an emphasis on nuances that can be applied to women who fail to respond to medication prescribed or who respond and then become symptomatic once treatment has ended.

This new edition discusses major advances in the characterization of endogenous microbiota that populate the genital tract in women of all ages. It also provides a more sophisticated appreciation of immune mechanisms found in the healthy female genital tract and alterations that increase both susceptibility and consequences of various infectious and noninfectious disorders. A major impetus for writing this new edition is to help the busy clinician, resident, or fellow by explaining advances in individual disorders in a manner that is relevant to their practice.

Table of Contents

Microbiology of the Vagina
The Human Microbiome
Birth to Puberty
Reproductive Age Women 
Pregnancy 
Vulvar Microbiome 
Postmenopause 
The Uniqueness of the Human Vaginal Microbiome 
Lactic Acid 
Summary and Conclusions 
References

Vaginal Immunology 
Vaginal Epithelial Cell Immunity 
Danger Signaling by Heat Shock Proteins
Antibody Production in the Lower Genital Tract 
Sexual Intercourse and Vaginal Immunity 
Summary and Conclusions 
References

Diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Disease 
Background 
Physician Focus on the Patient 
History 
Office Equipment Requirements for Diagnosis 
Physical Examination 
Pelvic Examination 
Laboratory Testing with Delayed Results 
References

Candida Vulvovaginitis 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Bacterial Vaginosis 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Trichomonas vaginalis Vaginitis
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Cytolytic Vaginosis, Aerobic Vaginitis, and Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Genital Herpes 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Human Papillomavirus Genital Infections 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Prevention 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References 

Other Sexually Transmitted Diseases of the Vulva and the Vagina
Background 
Microbiology and Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References 

Allergic Vulvovaginitis 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References 

Menopausal Vulvovaginitis 
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Vestibulodynia
Background 
Microbiology 
Immunology 
Diagnosis 
Treatment 
References

Dermatologic Disorders Causing Vulvar Disease
Background
Immunology and Microbiology 
Lichen Sclerosus 
Lichen Planus 
Aphthous Ulcers and Behçet’s Disease 
Pemphigus 
Diagnosis
Inflammatory and Erosive Skin Disorders 
Treatment 
Psoriasis of the Vulva 
References